Gatka Soti – Traditional Stick Combat

Gatka Soti is the central and most recognized combat event in competitive Gatka. In this event, participants engage in a martial duel using a Soti (stick), which symbolically represents the sword in traditional Sikh martial art.

According to Sub-section 2 of Section 7 of the World Gatka Federation (WGF) International Gatka Rules Book, the Gatka Soti is employed during competition in the same manner as a sword would be used in real combat. Its usage techniques preserve the essential characteristics of a sword, encompassing striking, blocking, parrying and countering.

Gatka Soti – Specifications

• Material: Fibre, Bamboo, or Baint (thin cane)

• Shape: Rounded and straight

• Standard Lengths by Age Group:

• Senior (19+ years): 39 inches (99 cm / 3.25 ft)

• Junior (U-17): 36 inches (91.5 cm / 3 ft)

• Sub-Junior (U-14): 33 inches (84 cm / 2.75 ft)

• Weight:

• Maximum 500 grams for wooden sticks

• Maximum 350 grams for fibre sticks

• Thickness: Between 13 mm to 15 mm (approximately half an inch)

• Grip Design:

• One end of the Soti must have a cushioned grip to ensure better handling and protect the hand.

• Each Soti must include a Perj (guard ring) to prevent slippage and support controlled application, preserving the symbolic form and function of the sword.

Categories of Gatka Soti Events

1. Individual Event (1 vs 1)

• Traditional one-on-one duel format.

• Emphasizes timing, precision, control and defence.

• Duration: 3 minutes (1.5 minutes per half with a short break).

• Victory is awarded based on points scored through valid and regulated strikes.

2. Team Event

• Teams consist of 4 players, including one substitute.

• Conducted as a series of individual bouts, with team scores combined.

• Enhances strategic planning, team coordination and collective performance.

3. Mixed Event (male vs female)

• Male and female individuals compete directly in this mixed-gender format.

• Reflects the inclusive ethos of Sikhi and Gatka, promoting gender equality and mutual respect.

Combat Techniques & Application

• The Soti is wielded with one hand, and is used for both offensive and defensive actions.

• All strikes must be controlled and non-injurious, strictly adhering to the safety norms and ethical conduct of competition.

• Key techniques include:

• Diagonal and straight strikes

• Deflective parries

• Rotational blocks

• Footwork-based distancing

• Players are required to follow the ‘Paintra’ stance, advancing with two steps (Ghurey) forward while striking and maintaining the same steps backward to defend against incoming attacks — all while remaining vigilant of arena positioning.

Significance of Gatka Soti

• Fosters discipline, agility, mental sharpness and spiritual awareness.

• Embodies the principle of self-defence and readiness, as imparted by the Sikh Gurus.

• The use of standardized Soti specifications and rules ensures uniformity across international competitions, strengthening the case for global recognition by Olympic and international sporting bodies.

Note: Use of unauthorized Soti dimensions, application of excessive force or breach of combat ethics may result in penalties or disqualification, as per WGF rules.